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Newton's First Law is an object at rest will stay at rest and an object in motion will stay in motion unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.
Iron + sulfure = iron sulfite
 * **This is saying that if an object is still it will not move until a force (a push or a pull) is exerted on it. Also, if an object is in motion it will not stop unless a force is exerted on it.**
 * ** But you might say that a car slows down if you stop accelerating. Well this is because of Friction. Friction is an unbalanced force that is acting upon the object like a push or a pull causing the object to slow and eventually stop moving. **
 * Inertia- is the tendency of any object to resist changes in motion. Because of inertia objects at rest stay as rest until acted upon and objects in motion stay in motion until acted upon. Inertia is the reason why it is impossible for heavy moving objects to stop immediately. The greater the mass of an object the greater inertia it has, the smaller the mass the smaller the inertia. Because of this, it is is easier to change the speed and direction of a smaller object. media type="youtube" key="wtKoJ9Ct1wg" height="344" width="425"Brooke

INGREDIENTS: -Tomato -olive -peperoni -Green peppers -mushrooms -cheese -wheat

↓Properties of Mixtures↓ Mixtures can be physically separated/ Substances in a mixture retain their identity __-__

__you can take out the green peppers in a pizza/ Green peppers look the same in a pizza__

__Esther grossman presents__ __ms. Manhart there were a few problems such as my attempt at a graph and the video is misplaced but all in all it is together__

__I found this video on You Tube. The URL is http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5yjEDihEuZI__ __It shows examples of physical and chemical changes and how to classify them __

__**The following chart was copied from the textbook.** __ __//**Physical Properties Definition Example**// __ __Thermal conductivity The ability to transfer Plastic foam is a poor __ __thermal energy from conductor, so hot chocolate __ __one area to another. in a plastic foam cup will not __ __burn your hand. __ __State The physical form in Ice is water in its solid state. __ __which a substance exists, __ __such as a solid, liquid, or __ __gas. __

__Malleability The ability to be pounded Aluminum can be pounded into __ __or shaped. sheets to make foil. __

__Ductility The ability to be drawn or Copper is often used to make wiring. __ __pulled into a wire. __

__<span style="color: #800000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Solubility The ability to dissolve in Sugar dissolves in water. __ __<span style="color: #800000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">another substance. __

__<span style="color: #800000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Density Mass per unit volume. Lead is used to make sinkers __ __<span style="color: #800000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">or fishing line because lead is more __ __<span style="color: #800000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">dense than water. __

<span style="color: #800000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">**2. Chemical Properties of Matter** <span style="color: #800000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">A chemical property of matter describes/identifies matter based on it's ability to change or react when it comes in contact with other properties. Some common examples of chemical properties are: flammability and reactivity.


 * <span style="color: #800000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Something to remember: A substance must change identity in order for the substance to posses a chemical property. Ex. Wood must have the ability change to ash in order for the wood to have the chemical property of flammability.

<span style="color: #800000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">//Note: Chemical properties are much more difficult to observe than physical properties. The example the textbook gives follows: wood's flammability can be observed while it burns, however, wood still possesses the property of flammability when it is not burning.//

<span style="color: #800000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">


 * <span style="color: #800000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">**The biggest difference between physical and chemical properties is the fact that one forms new substances and one does not.**

<span style="color: #6b1ba1; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">**Characteristic Properties** <span style="color: #6b1ba1; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">//--Characteristic properties remain the same and do not depend on the amount of the substance--//
 * <span style="color: #6b1ba1; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Characteristic properties are often used to identify and categorize substances.


 * I found the following video on** **YouTube at** //http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q8gXE3S1bIg//**.**
 * This song can help distinguish differences between Physical and Chemical properties.**

media type="youtube" key="Q8gXE3S1bIg" height="344" width="425"

<span style="color: #ff4c00; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">**Brought to you by Ruby, your wonderful classmate/student!** <span style="color: #ff4c00; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">**11/2/09**

= = = = = = = = =→**Banana**=

Physical:Outside Color-Yellow Texture-Smooth Odor-Fruity and Sweet Physical: Inside Color-White Texture-Mooshy Odor-Fruity and Sweet Chemical: Outside Flammability-Does not burn well because it is wet Reactivity-When touched with acid it burns fast Chemical: Inside Flammability-My match just burns out Reactivity- water makes it mooshy and and soggy, can be fried, baked, frozen,dipped ect.

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=**Physical Properties:You can observe it**= =Chemical Properties: Ability to change to something new= Esther Grossman

brought to you by shishoka senk :)
 * Examples of physical properties are:**
 * turning water into ice cubes
 * melting butter
 * sanding wood
 * Examples of chemical properties are:**
 * The effect air has on metal
 * sour milk
 * putting bleach in food colored water

A Physical property of matter can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the matter. For example, you don't have to change what the orange or an apple is made of to see that it is orange/green hold it in your hand.

This shows what is a physical property.

This is a green apple.

This is an orange orange.

icles. --- Natural plasmas are found in fire, lightning and the aurora borealis --- Artificial plasmas are created by passing electric charges through gas, they are found in fluorescent lights and plasma balls. the northern lights form when gas particles collide with high energy plasma in the upper atmosphere.
 * Plasmas conduct electric current
 * Electric and magnetic fields affect plasmas and don't affect gasses
 * Strong magnetic fields are used to contain very hot plasmas that would destroy any other container
 * There are two different varieties of plasma
 * Some forms of plasma are: northern lights, lightning, the sun, stars and fire.

Lightning storms are a great example of plasma because they conduct electricity. By: Melissa Palmer

Matter: Is anything with mass or volume. The four states of matter are: solids, liquids, plasma, and gas Solids ---Crystalline: The atoms and molecules are arranged in a very orderly way. For example the particles are arranged in repeating pattern of rows like diamonds. ---Amorphous: Solids are composed of atoms or molecules that are in no particular order. For example particles are not organized like jello or playdough
 * Particles of a substance in a solid are very close together.
 * The attraction between the particles in solid matter is stronger than the attraction between the particles in liquid or gaseous states.
 * The atoms or molecules in a solid move, but not fast enough to overcome the attraction between them.
 * Solids are divided into two categories: crystalline and amorphous.

Plasma: The molecules are broken up ---Natural plasmas are found in lightning, fire, the Northern Lights ---Artificial plasmas are found in flourescent lights, plasma balls which are created by passing electric charges through gases Liquids
 * Plasma is the state of matter that does not have a definite shape or volume
 * Plasmas conduct electric currents
 * There are two different kinds of plasmas
 * Will take whatever shape of the container that its in.
 * the atoms or molecules in liquids move fast enough to overcome some attraction between
 * particals slide past each other until the liquid takes shape of its container
 * For example: Suppose the two pictures below both contain the same amount of water, but because of the there different shapes the quantity of the water looks different for the two glasses.



Gases Ex: Helium in a metal cylinder consists of atoms that have been forced very close together. As helium fills a balloon, atoms spread out in the amount of empty space in the gas increases.
 * The state in which matter changes in both shape and volume
 * Atoms or molecules in a gas move fast enough to break away from one another
 * Therefore particles of a substance in a gaseous state have less attraction between them than particles of the same substance in the solid or liquid state.
 * In a gas there is empty space between particles, but the amount of empty space in a gas can change

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 * || =<span style="color: #e61417; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 200%;">**M** <span style="color: #ff4c00; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 200%;">A <span style="color: #00ff39; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 200%;">TT <span style="color: #0d9efd; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 200%;">E <span style="color: #7207bb; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 200%;">R =

=<span style="color: #f02432; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 150%;">The Kinetic Theory of Matter =

= = =<span style="color: #f02432; font-family: Georgia,serif;">The Kinetic Theory of Matter states that anything with mass __or__ volume __can be identified as matter.__ = <span style="color: #f02432; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">According to the Kinetic Theory of Matter, classification of matter involves the observation of the following:
 * <span style="color: #f02432; font-family: Georgia,serif;">How quickly particles, or atoms, __move.__
 * <span style="color: #f02432; font-family: Georgia,serif;">The attraction between these particles (how close the particles are to one another).


 * <span style="color: #ff4c00; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 200%;">Dark Matter and Anti-Matter **

<span style="color: #ff4c00; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">**In theory, every** **existing** **particle in the universe has an anti-particle. Anti-matter is generally very similar to matter, however there are often opposite characteristics present. One example of this is the common electron and anti-electron. Though their masses are the same, the electron and anti-electron consist of opposite electrical charges. Anti-hydrogen is another example of anti-matter. In fact, scientists often use anti-hydrogen to observe anti-matter.** SHOWN BELOW IS A DIAGRAM OF AN ANTI-HYDROGEN PARTICLE (http://www.ccp2.ac.uk/articles/antih.jpg) <span style="color: #ff4c00; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">**Developed theories of anti-matter suggest that there may be an entire universe made up of anti-matter, though scientists have yet to find physical proof. One problem experts have yet to solve is that of common matter's apparent dominance over anti-matter. Technically, there should be the same amount of matter as anti-matter, yet why can anti-matter only be found in specific sources, such as cosmic rays.**

SHOWN BELOW IS A DIAGRAM OF WHAT THE UNIVERSE IS THOUGHT TO BE MADE UP OF (http://snap.lbl.gov/images/darkenergypie.jpg)
 * <span style="color: #ff4c00; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">Dark matter a term used for matter we cannot identify. Dark matter is generally what the universe is made up of, yet experts cannot yet classify or observe it accurately. The only reason scientists believe dark matter exists is because there must be some kind of (gravitational) force(s) pulling the universe together. Many theories suggest that black holes are made up of dark matter, but there is no way to know for sure. Though dark matter gives off no heat or light, it is supposedly extremely hot, which yes, is quite baffling. In the future scientists intend to learn more about dark matter and its nature, if possible. **


 * <span style="color: #71ff00; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 200%;">Common States of Matter **

**<span style="color: #71ff00; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">Four common states of matter exist: ** <span style="color: #71ff00; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 150%;">**As stated in the** <span style="color: #f02432; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 150%;">**Kinetic Theory of Matter** <span style="color: #71ff00; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 150%;"> **section above, classification of matter depends on (1), how quickly particles move, and (2), the amount of attraction between these particles. Below, the four common states of matter are classified and described.** <span style="color: #71ff00; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 150%;">**(1) Classification of Solids** <span style="color: #71ff00; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 150%;">**(3) Classification of Gases** <span style="color: #000000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">SHOWN BELOW IS A DIAGRAM OF THE FOUR TYPES OF MATTER AND THEIR GENERAL TRANSFORMATION WHEN HEAT IS APPLIED (http://www.suntrek.org/images/states.gif) <span style="color: #000000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> THE FOLLOWING VIDEO PROVIDES A DETAILED EXPLANATION OF THE FOUR STATES OF MATTER AND THEIR GENERAL TRANSFORMATION AND OTHER RELATED SCIENCE TOPICS (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=88tK5c0wgH4) media type="youtube" key="88tK5c0wgH4" height="344" width="425"
 * <span style="color: #71ff00; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">Solids
 * <span style="color: #71ff00; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">Liquids
 * <span style="color: #71ff00; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">Gases
 * <span style="color: #71ff00; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">Plasmas
 * <span style="color: #71ff00; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 124%;">A solid's particle movement is slow, vibrational, and not widespread.
 * <span style="color: #71ff00; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">Solid particles have very high attraction, which means they are very close together.
 * <span style="color: #71ff00; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">The shape and volume of a solid does not change (definite__).__
 * <span style="color: #71ff00; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 145%;">(2) Classification of Liquids **
 * <span style="color: #71ff00; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">A liquid's particle movement is smoother than a solid's, particles slide past each other and travel faster.
 * <span style="color: #71ff00; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">Liquid particles have moderate attraction.
 * <span style="color: #71ff00; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">The shape of a liquid changes to fit its container and while the volume of a liquid does not change.
 * <span style="color: #71ff00; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">A Gas' particle movement is very fast.
 * <span style="color: #71ff00; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">Gas particles have very low attraction, which means particles are fairly spread.
 * <span style="color: #71ff00; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">The volume and shape of a gas changes (not definite__).__
 * <span style="color: #71ff00; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 150%;">(4) Classification of Plasmas **
 * <span style="color: #71ff00; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">Plasmas are fairly "irregular" because they are broken particles (just protons__) moving quickly with no definite shape or volume.__
 * <span style="color: #71ff00; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">A few examples of plasmas are: fire, lightning, and stars.
 * <span style="color: #71ff00; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">Much of the universe is made up of plasma.

<span style="color: #0d9efd; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 200%;">**Vocabulary**

<span style="color: #0d9efd; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">**(All underlined words above)** <span style="color: #0d9efd; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">**(1) Mass - Mass is the amount of matter occupying a substance. Mass, as opposed to weight, remains constant.** <span style="color: #0d9efd; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">**(2) Volume - Volume is the amount of space an object occupies.** <span style="color: #0d9efd; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">**(3) Atoms -** **<span style="color: #0d9efd; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">Atoms are tiny particles made up of protons and neutrons. **
 * <span style="color: #0d9efd; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">(4) Definite and Not Definite - Is able to change, is not able to change. **
 * <span style="color: #0d9efd; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">(5) Protons - Protons are positively charges sub-atomic particles. **
 * <span style="color: #0d9efd; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">-Other Vocab- **
 * <span style="color: #0d9efd; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">(6) Viscosity - Resistance to flow in liquids. **

<span style="color: #7207bb; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 200%;">**Works Cited**

Sections of the above information were found (not copied) from the following websites: http://csep10.phys.utk.edu/astr162/lect/cosmology/antimatter.html http://www.spartechsoftware.com/reeko/Glossary.htm#P <span style="color: #7207bb; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 150%;">Created By: Ruby Jones, October 19th, 2009 <span style="color: #7207bb; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 150%;">:) =<span style="background-color: #ff0d00; color: #008000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Matter: is anything with mass or volume and is in constant motion (according to the Kinetic Theory). = =<span style="background-color: #edf7f7; color: #ff00ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Anti-Matter or Anti-Particles <span style="background-color: #edf7f7; color: #00ff39; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> are the partner particles of matter. These anti-particles have many of the same characteristics of their partner particles. They have the same masses but have many opposite characteristics. Ex. An electron has an antiparticle called an antielectron. These anitelectrons and electrons have opposite electrical charges. = ||
 * l || ==<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">**<span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">When a particle of matter meets its antimatter particle they destroy each other completely or annihilation each other, releasing the equivalent of their rest masses in the form of pure energy. For example, when an electron meets an antielectron, the two annihilate and produce a burst of light having the energy corresponding to the masses of the two particles. ** ==

==<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> Dark Matter creates roughly 23% of our universe and 90% of the cosmos. No one really understands what Dark Matter is at this time but scientists are studying Dark Matter. Dark Matter or DM is found in Cold Dark Matter or CDM which means that the Dark Matter particles are moving slower and Hot Dark Matter or HDM which means that the DM particles are moving faster. Both forms of Dark Matter give off no heat, light or any other form or radiation although they are thought to be extremely hot, hotter than the sun. Dark Matter is the term used for anything unseen by telescopes. The reason we know DM is there is because we see its gravitational influence on the rest of the universe. Experiments show that there must be 10 times more matter than we see because of the gravitational influence that we see. Scientists believe that Dark Matter may have pulled dust and gas into the galaxies. DM is the force that keeps the galaxies together but only produces one third of the matter needed to keep the universe flat. So where does the other matter come from? Scientists think that another force out there helps keep the universe flat. They call that force Dark Energy. Scientists don't know what Dark Engery is yet, though. == ===<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 19px;">media type="custom" key="4607660" === ==<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Besides these two forms of matter uknown to scientists yet and matter's opposites there are four other types of matter. These types of matter are known as solids, liquids, gases, and plasmas. The particles are solids are close together and moving slowly. The attraction between the particles are strong. Solids have a definite shape and volume. The particles in liquids are moving faster than the particles of solids but not fast enough to totally over come the attraction between them. They slide past each other and have a little more roam to move. Liquids have a definite volume but not a definite shape, the particles form to the shape of their container. The particles of gas are moving extremely fast and overcome most of the attraction between them. Their shape and volume are not definite they change as their enviroment does. Plasmas particles are broken particles. Plasmas are 99% of the matter in the visible universe. Examples of plasmas are stars, lightening and fire. Plasma temperatures and densities range from relatively cool and tenuous (like aurora) to very hot and dense (like the core of a star). == Brooke Terkovich October 19th, 2009

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media type="youtube" key="nJN2X3NrQAE" height="290" width="353" align="center"

====<span style="color: #0a0a0a; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 150%;"><span style="color: #0a0a0a; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 150%;">Dark Matter: <span style="color: #ff0d00; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Dark Matter is an unknown substance that makes up about 23% of the universe and 90% of the cosmos*. It gives off no light, heat or radiation. The sun which is plasma gives light, heat, and radiation. ====

====<span style="color: #9800ff; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif; font-size: 130%;">Dark Matter: <span style="background-color: #f5f5f5; color: #ff0000; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif; font-size: 110%;"> Keeps the universe from flying apart ====

<span style="background-color: #901818; color: #f2ff00; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">vs.
====<span style="color: #800080; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif; font-size: 130%;">Baryonic Matter: <span style="color: #f02432; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif; font-size: 116%;">Everything that can be touched or seen ex: Brooke, Feathers ====

==== In Feburary, 2006 the first measurments to Dark Matter (DM) were taken. It was supposed to be similar to large blocks that are 1,000 light years in width and about 40 million times larger than the sun. It is also hotter that the sun. This is a mystery because as we know the sun generates heat and light. DM does not. Why is this? Research shows that there must be atoms that are moving fast because it is hot, but in DM there are no electrons or protons, like there is in Baryonic matter. ====



Another mystery is that DM has only 1/3 of the density of baryonic matter. So DM has to be made up of other things. Scientist believe this is Dark energy (DE) which so far nobody knows what it is. Dark matter is changing theories about how the universe came to be. They are questioning the Big Bang theory since the discovery of DM. Since the gravity in dark matter pulls in dust and debris it is a black hole. Scientists speculate that the world is going to end by being sucked into a black hole. How does DM effect this? That is the one of the questions scientist are trying to answer.

OUR WOLD IS MADE UP OF ROUGHLY: 23% DARK MATTER __10%__ BARYONIC MATTER __ 77% DARK ENERGY

~Esther Grossman
 * The cosmos is everything there is, was, and will be.

Matter by Nidiyare:

Matter is everything around you, matter is also related to light and electrocmacnetic radiation. the scientist have found 5 states of matter. Some scientist predict that at the time you get old they might find another state of matter. There is something that you may know that is called plasma,gas,liquid and solid scientist found a new one called Bose-Einsten condensates. The other four have been found a long time ago the new one the scientist that discovered it have recived a novel price. The scientist still dont know what makes matter? they think it depends on atoms and molicules. Elements and Compounds can change from one physical to another and they dont even change. Oxygen (O2) has the same properies liquid oxygen. The liquid state is denser but the molecules don't change they keep the same.

Changing states of matter

You can change the state of mater you might need very low or very high pressures, but you can still change it. Phace change is happens when some certain temperature is reach. scientist called it frizzing point to see when liquid turns into solid. There are physical changes that so you can change the frizzing point. Pressure is one of those effects.