Unit+Three

Vocabulary Terms:
A physical property is a "property of matter that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the matter" (Holt Science and Technology, 757). Color, smell, thermal conductivity, state, malleability, ductility, solubility, and density are all physical properties, because the matter's identity is not altered in any way. (Lars) In other words, how you can classify physical property with how it looks and feels and how it is physically(Lars). Some examples of physical properties are the color, mass, shape and, texture(Gino Bellinghiere). A physical change is a "change that affects one or more physical properties of a substance; many physical changes are easy to undo" (Holt Science and Technology, 757). Breaking a substance, melting it, freezing it, or dissolving it into another substance, do not change its identity and therefore are physical changes. (Lars) You can also smash it, cut it, paint it, kick it, carve it, slice it etc. and not be a chemical change because it is still the same substance. A totally smashed pumpkin is still a pumpkin but in smaller pieces but it is still pumpkin. Other kinds of examples are melting butter and melting rock. But you can reverse the process by doing the oppisite of what created the substance. Like if you want to make molten rock into rock again, you just cool it and there it is rock again(Lars). Some more examples of physical changes are breaking, smashing, melting, freezzing, cutting and, rinsing(Gino Bellinghiere). A chemical property is a "property of matter that describes a substance based on its ability to change into a new substance with different properties" (Holt Science and Technology, 751). Flammability and any type of reactivity are chemical properties. The only time you can observe a chemical property is if there is a possibility of a chemical change occuring. (Lars) A chemical property is still there even though it is not happening. A chemical property is like what will happen when it reacts with certian chemicals(Lars). A chemical property is something like flammable or nonflammable, and toxic or edible(Gino Bellinghiere). A chemical change is a "change that occurs when one or more substances are changed into new substances with different properties; cannot be reversed using physical means" (Holt Science and Technology, 751). Rust is a perfect (and common) example of chemical change. Rust occurs when iron reacts with oxygen. (Lars) When something chemically changes, you cannot reverse it like a physcal change. An example is that you can not un-bake a cake. Cooking is a chemical change. Some chemical changes occur faster than others (Lars). Some chemical changes are burn, cook, mold, eat, fizz, rust and, to fry(Gino Bellinghiere). An element is a "pure substance that cannot be separated or broken down into simpler substances by physical or chemical means" (Holt Science and Technology, 752).Smash and Mash Elements A mixture is a "combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined" (Holt Science and Technology, 756).Solution and Dilution A compound is a "pure substance composed of two or more elements that are chemically combined" (Holt Science and Technology, 751).

Unit Objectives:
1) Identify a substance's physical properties. 2) Identify how a substance could physically change. 3) Identify a substances's chemical properties. 4) Identify how a substance could chemically change. 5) Determine the type of matter a substance is. 6) Describe the differences/characteristics of elements, mixtures, and compounds.

=The Properties of Matter =  **1. Physical Properties of Matter** A physical property of matter is a property of matter that can be observed/measured. A few examples of physical properties of matter are: volume, mass, color, odor, shape, size, or amount.

**20 Questions:
 * Something to remember: The identity if matter MAY NOT be changed in order to make a physical observation.

When you play 20 Questions, you are usually identifying matter based on it's physical properties. The following is an example of a 20 Questions game. Each question asked is questioning physical properties of an object, in this case, a marble.

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**Shown above is the marble being questioned.

Q: Is the object a liquid? A: No. Q: Solid? A: Yes. Q: Is the object small? A: Yes. Q: Is the object small enough to fit in ones hand? A: Yes. Q: Is the object a rectangle? A: No. Q: Is the object round? A: Yes. Q: Is it green? A: No. Q: Is it blue? A: Sometimes. Q: Is it multiple colored? A: Yes. Q: Is blue one of the colors? A: Yes. Q: Are the colors for decoration? A: Yes. Q: Is the object VERY solid? A: Yes. Q: Is the object cool to the touch? A: Sometimes. Q: Is the object malleable? A: No. Q: When broken, does the object shatter? A: Yes. Q: Is the object made of glass? A: Yes. Q:The object has the ability to roll, correct? A: Yes. Q: Is this object easily purchased? A: Yes. Q: Is this object a toy? A: Yes. Q: Is the object a marble? A: Yes.**